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The mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of the cardiovascular system, or in a more specific case, blood flow in arteries, can be of help in understanding blood flow pathologies. One of the main causes of death in the spectrum of cardiovascular diseases is atherosclerosis, also known as "Arteriosclerotic Vascular Disease". It is the condition in which an artery wall thickens as the result of a build-up of fatty materials such as cholesterol. This disease can produce the narrowing of the arteries, therefore diminishing the blood supply of the organs it feeds. The numerical simulation of the effect of obstructions and stiffening in the blood flow in arteries can be of great assistance to medical doctors in devising better ways of treatment. Also, the a priori knowledge of the local hemodynamics in the presence of a stent or a bypass can help minimizing post-surgical complications or, for instance, contribute to the better design of bypasses.
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